Phanotron

Powerful phanotron VG-Y'E with the mercury filling: 1 - oxide hot cathode; 2 - heat shield, connected with the cathode: 3 - graphite anode; 4 - neck of phanotron, in which are located the drops of mercury; 5 - heat shield.

The cathode, as a rule, places into the metallic (thermal) screen for facilitating the thermal condition of work. Rectifying action g. is caused by the fact that with it will assume, the half-period of the alternating voltage on the anode, which exceeds ignition voltage g., between the anode and the cathode appears non-self-sustaining arc discharge, which is supported by the small stress of combustion (10 - 30 V, and with the neg. half-period the anode is located under a maximally straightened stress and current in g. practically is absent. The stress of combustion little depends on the flowing current, which for different weak g. kolebletsya in limits of 0,01-0,5 and, and for the powerful - 15-150 A. As a result of neznachit. of a drop in the voltage (stress of combustion) with the arc discharge the rectifiers with g. have high efficiency (95-99%). Permitted the rate -.pa of environment during the work g. with the mercury filling lies within the limits from 15 to shch0°S, and for g. with the gas filling - from 60 to y00°S. G. distinguish: on the kind of the filling gas (mixture of gases) or it is steam metal (argon, helium, vapors of mercury, etc.), by the construction of the anode (opened, poluzakrytaya, closed), in the amplitude of the straightened stress (low-voltage - tungar tubes - with the voltage on the anode to 300 V, normal - to 15 kV and high-voltage - to 70 kV).

Lit.: Vlasov v. f., electronic and ionic devices, 3 publ., M., 1960; Khlebnikov n. n., electronic devices, M., 1966. G. d. Petrov.