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Gases of petroleum refining
Gases are petroleum backwards
Gases the natural fuels
Gas-rescue matter

Образование - счетчик, рейтинг, каталог - FLEXER

Gases are petroleum backwards

the hydrocarbon gases, which associate oil and which separate from it with the separation. The quantity of gases ( m³), which falls on 1 t of the obtained oil (Vol. n. gas factor), depends on the conditions of formation and bedding of petroleum deposits and it can vary from 1-2 to several thousand. m³/t of oil. Summary output g. n. p. in THE USSR composed 18,8 billions. m³(1967). In contrast to gandzOV of natural fuels, which consist of basic from methane, g. n. p. contain it means, quantities of ethane, propane, butane and other saturated hydrocarbons. Furthermore, in g. n. p. be present vapors of water, and sometimes also nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and rare gases (helium, argon).

Before the supply into the main gas pipes g. n. p. they process on Vol. n. the gas-processing plants, the production of which are gasoline washed out from hydrocarbon gases, Vol. n. the topped gas and the hydrocarbon fractions, which are commercially pure hydrocarbons (ethane, propane, butane, isobutane, etc.) or their mixture.

The gasoline washed out from hydrocarbon gases uses as the component of avtomob. of gasoline. Liquefied gases (propane-butane fraction) widely use as motor fuel for the motor transport or as fuel- for the communal general needs. Hydrocarbon fractions - valuable raw material for khimich. and neftekhimich. of industry. They widely are used for obtaining acetylene. By the pyrolysis of ethane is obtained ethylene - important product for the organic synthesis. With the oxidation of propane-butane fraction are formed acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, acetous acid, acetone and other products. Isobutane serves for the production of the high-octane components of motor fuels, and also isobutylene - raw material for preparing the syn. natural rubber. By the dehydrogenation of isopentane is obtained isoprene - important product with the production of syn. natural rubbers.

Lit.: Ryabtsev n. i., natural and artificial gases. 2 publ., M., I960; Churakov a. M., The gazootbenzinizayushchiye installations, M., 1962. S. F. Whistles.