the loss of plants or their parts as a result of ice
formation in the cloths under the effect of the frost. Water in
raises, cells and mezhkletnikakh begins to freeze at a temperature
below - y°S. Ice destroys the invisible (submicroscopic)
structure of cells, is caused their extinction. First freezes
water in mezhkletnikakh, and during strengthening of frost - and in
the protoplasm. Depending on form, types and physiol. states v.
it r.nastupayet with the different quantity of ice in the cells.
Potatoes, tomatoes, bean, cucumbers, cotton plant freeze already
with the frost of -2°S. The zamerzshiye, but not killed plants
can perish with the excessively rapid thawing, which produces changes
in the structure of protoplast; with the slow thawing of the
same plants the yet not killed cells gradually suck water and preserve
viability. Fruits of apple trees and pears, bulb of bow, etc.,
especially suffer from the rapid thawing.
The methods of fight with v. r. are based on an increase
in the frost resistance (see the frost resistance of plants, the hardening of
plants). For the protection of fruit cultivations
from freezing use some of special measure (smudging, different
shelters, etc.). I. i. tumanov.
