Vyborg

On the spot v. in 12 v. the Novgorodians established settling. In KON. 13 v. Swedes took Zap. Karelia and built into 1293 fortresses v., around which grew the city. During northern war 1700-21 in 1710 v. it is undertaken by assault by troops of Peter I and it is allotted for Russia according to Nystadt peace treaty 1721. In 1811 v. together with the province it was connected to great kn -vu Finnish. Great significance in the development of economy v. had a discovery into 1856 Saymenskogo channels, which connected with the Vyborg molded edge pond Lake. Sayma - most important lesoprom. Finland region. V. played it means, role in the revolutionary motion of Russia and Finland; through it they were transported illegal it was cast -.pa and weapon. 17 cent. - head oct. 1917 V. i. Lenin was situated in the underground v v.

Vyborg. 1. The center section of the city. 2. Vyborg lock. 1293. Reconstruction 1891-94.

In 1918-40 v. it entered into the composition of the Finnish of burzh. of republic. According to the peace treaty with Finland of 12 March 1940 v. it went away to THE USSR. In the years of the great of the fatherlands, war 1941-45 v. 30 avg. 1941 it was occupied by Ger.- Finn. troops. It is freed on 20 June 1944.

Monuments of the architecture: lock (1293, it is rekonstruirovan into 1891-94), round tower (1550), the tower of town hall (15- 16 substances), strengthening (1740), Palm. To Peter I (bronze, 1910).

In the environments v. among the pine forests, the picturesque granite cliffs and on the skerries of Vyborg molded edge are located the sanatoriums and recreation centers. Summer is moderately warm (cf. the rate -.pa of July y"°S), winter moderately soft (average rate -.pa february -8°S); sediments of approximately 670 mm per year (least of all during March; the rainiest month - August). Lech. of the means: climatotherapy. Treatment sick with pulmonary tuberculosis, bones and joints.

Lit.: Vasil'yev M., siege and the taking of Vyborg by Russian troops and by fleet in 1710, M., 1953; Tsurikov P. p., In. I. Lenin in the Vyborg underground, l., 1960; Vyborg. Guide, l., 1969.