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Vyspyan'skiy

(Wyspianski) Stanislav (15.1.1869, Krakow, -28.11.1907, there), Polish writer, artist, theatrical worker. Kind. in the family of sculptor. It learned in the Krakow school of fine arts (1884-95, with the interruptions) in Jan Mateyki and in the academy Of kolarossi in Paris (1891-94). One of founders (1897) and a prominent participant in the Krakow of artistic, association "skill". In it will depict, art v. the aim is the embodiment of national beginning within the framework of the style of "modern". In the sketches of stained-glass panels for the Franciscan church and the cathedral on VA -vele in Krakow (1896-1906) v. were employed as the means of expressiveness the flexible, vibrating object lines and the spot of clean it was color. Participating in the publication of zhurn. "Zycie", v. created the new type of the formulation of the book, dostignuv of the decorative unity of type and soft on the rhythm of stilizov. it raises, ornament. To pastel portraits and of views v. are characteristic the generalized, expressive manner of figure, thin poetry and spirituality. V. worked also in region of decorative art (formulation of interior the house of med. society in Krakow, ok. 1905; the sketches of furniture, cloths, articles made of the metal).

Plays and rapsody v. are dedicated to the ancient past of Poland ("legend", 1897; "Boleslav smelyy", 1900; "kazimezh is great", 1900); historical dramas raise the problems of Pol. romanticism and nap.- will free, motions ("Varshavyanka", 1898; "legion", 1900; "November night", 1904); plays to the subjects of ancient-Greek myths treat contemporary events in the spirit of antich. of tragicness ("Meleagr", 1898; "curse", 1899; the "return of the Odyssy", 1907). Apex of creation v. - metaforich. drama- pamphlet and the drama- fairy tale "wedding" (1901), in which, as and into other contemporary politich. dramas ("release", 1903; "acropolis", 1904), it raises the question about the ways of national liberation, fight, depicts the disintegration of Pol. burzh. of society. For the creation v. are characteristic the combination of realistich. of the vision of peace with the symbolism, monumentality and synthetical character, use simultaneously of verbal, musical, plastic means, which appeared also in its producer activity.

S. vyspyan'skiy.

S. vyspyan'skiy. "wedding" (1903). Figure of the author.

S. vyspyan'sk i. the portrait of girl. Pastel. 1895. national museum. Poznan'.

S on h.: Dziela zebrane, t 1 - 15, Kg., 1958 - 1968; Poezje, Warsz., 1957; in Russ. per. - Dramas. [ Vstup. st. of b. rostotskiy ], M., 1963.

Lit.: S. Vyspyanskiy and the artists of its time. Catalog of exhibition, M., 1958; In itt v., Stanislav vyspyanskiy, in the book: History of Polish literature, Vol. 2, of M., 1969; Skierkowska E., Plastyka St. Wyspianskiego, Wr. - Kg., 1958; Le.mpicka A, Stanistaw Wyspianski, in the book; Obraz literatury polskiej XIX i of the xx wieku, ser. 5 Literatura okresu Mfodej Pplski, t 2, Warsz., 1967 [ is bibl. ]; StanisJaw Wyspianski, [ 2 wyd. ], Warsz., 1967; Sto.k9wa M, Stanisfaw Wyspianski. Monografia bibliograficzna, [ t 1-3 ], Kr, [ 1967-68 ]. L. i. tananayeva, In. V. bumm.